How are Hinduism and Sikhism related, considering they both originated in Punjab, India?

Sain (a barber)

Kabir, Ravidas and ultimately the NINE SIKH GURUS are a product of this very Sant Sampraday founded by Ramanandacharya!

The Saadh Sangat, the Company of the Holy, is heaven. ||4||10||

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So in the same spirit Kabir finds pilgrimages to holy cities futile as his mind is fixated on Rama!

ਅਬ ਕਹੁ ਰਾਮ ਕਵਨ ਗਤਿ ਮੋਰੀ ॥

Recklessly they display boundless pride while explaining their own aims, they kill cows.

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Kabeer: O worthless mortal, do not lose the Naam, the Name of the Lord.

ਬੇਦ ਪੁਰਾਨ ਸਭ ਦੇਖੇ ਜੋਇ ॥

ਤੂ ਪੂਰਿ ਰਹਿਓ ਹੈ ਸਭ ਸਮਾਨ ॥

Why am I not attracted to masculine men? Why do I like more feminine attributes on a man?

One day, a desire welled up in my mind.

These morons know nothing, they wander about in ignorance,

Where millions of Shivas are lost in contemplation, where millions of Indras dwell in the sky,

Non distinctio minus inventore tempora repudiandae mollitia.

Because in my previous life, I did not practice penance and intense meditation. ||1||

Raamaanand's Lord and Master is the All-pervading Lord God.

Says Kabeer, unto whom should I tell this?

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Where spring, the lord of seasons reigneth, there the unstruck music sounds of itself,

I left Benares - I had little common sense. ||1|| Pause ||

From Guru Granth Sahib ji - Ang 1195

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Wherever I go, I find water and stones.

ਗਉੜੀ ਕਬੀਰ ਜੀ ਪੰਚਪਦੇ ॥

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Kabir (a weaver)

I am like a fish out of water,

Shvetashvatara Upanishad (6.23)

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Ramanandacharya was a 14th-century Hindu Vaishnava devotional poet saint who amalgamated Advaita with Vaishnava Bhakti. He was the pioneer in validating NIRGUN and SAGUN Bhakti as parallel paths.

ਕਹੁ ਕਬੀਰ ਇਹ ਕਹੀਐ ਕਾਹਿ ॥

Sadhna (a Muslim butcher) and

Repellat quod recusandae rerum adipisci deleniti.

My body and breath of life belong to Allah - to Raam - the God of both. ||4||

ਨਾ ਹਮ ਹਿੰਦੂ ਨ ਮੁਸਲਮਾਨ ॥

ਬ੍ਰਹਮ is Brahm i.e the Brahman of vedanta but it gets interpreted as an all-pervading lord god.

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ਮਰਤੀ ਬਾਰ ਮਗਹਰਿ ਉਠਿ ਆਇਆ ॥੨॥

I have searched through all the Vedas and the Puraanas.

He accepted even women (Sursuri and Padywati) as disciples. Bhagat Pipa and Dhanna were Rajput and Jat who were also his disciples.

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The influence of Kabir is significant on Sikhism. The following Bani from Ang 1136 is attributed to GURU ARJAN DEV but if you observe at the end you can see that he was talking in the spirit of Sant Kabir.

ਬਹੁਤੁ ਬਰਸ ਤਪੁ ਕੀਆ ਕਾਸੀ ॥

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ਕਹੁ ਗੁਰ ਗਜ ਸਿਵ ਸਭੁ ਕੋ ਜਾਨੈ ॥

There is my Lord self-revealed, and the scent of sandal and flowers dwells in those deeps.

Bhagat Kabir ji / Raag Gauri / / Guru Granth Sahib ji - Ang 325

Ramarchan Paddati gives more info about his teachings.

ਪੂਜਨ ਚਾਲੀ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਠਾਇ ॥

ਘਸਿ ਚੰਦਨ ਚੋਆ ਬਹੁ ਸੁਗੰਧ ॥

Let's look at the views of Sant Kabir

Sant Kabir was staunchly against cow slaughter.

Where should I go? My home is filled with bliss.

Bhagat Kabir ji / Raag Gauri / / Guru Granth Sahib ji - Ang 326

— Kabir, Ramaini 1, Translated by David Lorenzen

Bhakti movement began in South (Tamil Nadu to be precise) and slowly spread to Northern parts of India. This movement was extremely popular because of its simple fundamentals which could be understood by even commonfolk. Vaishnavism, Shaivism etc… were already connecting with commonfolk from a long time and this Bhakti movement reinforced it by making the devotee feel a personal connection with the deity.

Look within your heart, for there you will find both Karim and Ram;

ਏਕੋ ਸੇਵੀ ਅਵਰੁ ਨ ਦੂਜਾ ॥੨॥

ਨਾ ਹਮ ਹਿੰਦੂ ਨ ਮੁਸਲਮਾਨ ॥

ਓਛੀ ਭਗਤਿ ਕੈਸੇ ਉਤਰਸਿ ਪਾਰੀ ॥੪॥

Ramananda accepted disciples without discriminating against anyone by gender, class or caste and they included even people from humble origins like

How can people understand You, when they are entranced by Maya? ||1|| Pause ||

The divergence of Kabir’s views from Vedanta is seen in the fact that he fully opposed religious symbolism of ALL KINDS and not just IDOLS.

Let’s see what Gurbani has about Ramanandacharya’s views.

He does not dwell at the Lord's Feet. ||3||

ਮੁਆ ਕਬੀਰੁ ਰਮਤ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਰਾਮੈ

As long as the mind is filled with the desire for heaven,

ਸਗਲ ਜਨਮੁ ਸਿਵ ਪੁਰੀ ਗਵਾਇਆ ॥

I do not perform Hindu worship services, nor do I offer the Muslim prayers.

We can understand that Kabir despite being in favor of formless worship was very much embedded in the Dharmik fold but always preached in the spirit of the transcendental nature of Brahman to the point that HE LOST THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN HINDU AND MUSLIM.

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ਗੁਰ ਕਾ ਸਬਦੁ ਕਾਟੈ ਕੋਟਿ ਕਰਮ ॥੩॥੧॥

Bhagat Kabir ji / Raag Sriraag / / Guru Granth Sahib ji - Ang 92

Now here in this verse

The views of Kabir are very much in parallel to the Advaita philosophy and it is obvious that as the disciple of Ramanandacharya he will carry forward with his chosen NIRGUN BHAKTI.

ਹਜ ਕਾਬੈ ਜਾਉ ਨ ਤੀਰਥ ਪੂਜਾ ॥

— Kabir, III.2, Translated by Rabindranath Tagore

Actually, this part of the Ang 326 is widely used by McSikhs to show that Sikhism considers Hindu pilgrimages as useless and thus drives home the point again that the “religion” has got NOTHING to do with Hinduism.

From where did the word Maya come? Isn’t it a typical Vedantic concept discussed profoundly in Advaita? It definitely isn’t a concept pioneered by Kabir or even his teacher Ramanandacharya! It is ultimately from Sanatana Dharma!

I went to God's place, and worshipped Him there.

Raamaanand Jee, First House:

CONCLUSION:

ਅਲਹ ਰਾਮ ਕੇ ਪਿੰਡੁ ਪਰਾਨ ॥੪॥

For many years, I practiced penance and intense meditation at Kaashi;

One Universal Creator God. By The Grace Of The True Guru:

ਜਿਉ ਜਲ ਛੋਡਿ ਬਾਹਰਿ ਭਇਓ ਮੀਨਾ ॥

The Word of the Guru's Shabad eradicates the karma of millions of past actions. ||3||1||

ਗੁਰ ਪੀਰ ਮਿਲਿ ਖੁਦਿ ਖਸਮੁ ਪਛਾਨਾ ॥੫॥੩॥

You are totally pervading and permeating in all.

All the men and women of the world are His living forms.

ਕਤ ਜਾਈਐ ਰੇ ਘਰ ਲਾਗੋ ਰੰਗੁ ॥

then who is there to know what happens without?

If Ram be within the image which you find upon your pilgrimage,

ਕਹੁ ਕਬੀਰ ਇਹੁ ਕੀਆ ਵਖਾਨਾ ॥

Ravidas (a chamar shoemaker)

For him Dharma was beyond everything physical including the desire for heaven because was fully into the NIRGUN . The last verse shows that according to him the company of the enlightened Sadhus is heaven which is again a typical teaching of Sanatana Dharma.

Raamaanand's Lord and Master is the All-pervading Lord God.

For a superficial McSikh who is interested only in separation and not enlightenment the views of Kabir can be easily shown as a denouncement of Hindu practices.

ਜਿਨਿ ਸਕਲ ਬਿਕਲ ਭ੍ਰਮ ਕਾਟੇ ਮੋਰ ॥

ਏਕ ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰ ਲੇ ਰਿਦੈ ਨਮਸਕਾਰਉ ॥੩॥

I would go there, only if the Lord were not here. ||2||

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That Kabeer died chanting the Lord's Name. ||5||15||

ਰਾਮਾਨੰਦ ਸੁਆਮੀ ਰਮਤ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ॥

Let’s look at the most used verse by McSikhs to show that Sikhs are neither Hindus nor Muslims.

ੴ ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦਿ ॥

We have searched the turaki Dharam (Turk's religion, Islam), these teachers throw many thunderbolts,

Hari is in the East, Allah is in the West.

ਰਾਮਾਨੰਦ ਜੀ ਘਰੁ ੧

ਕੈਸੇ ਬੂਝੈ ਜਬ ਮੋਹਿਆ ਹੈ ਮਾਇਆ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥

That God showed me the Guru, within my own mind. ||1||

I am not a Hindu, nor am I a Muslim.

Again we see that the originator of this Sant Sampraday himself talks about Brahman even in Gurbani.

Now tell me, Lord, what will my condition be?

But we have actually seen how much Kabir is also rooted in the Vedantic concept of “supreme realization” but in a non-mainstream path.

There the streams of light flow in all directions, few are the men who can cross to that shore!

ਮੇਰਾ ਚਿਤੁ ਨ ਚਲੈ ਮਨੁ ਭਇਓ ਪੰਗੁ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥

ਜਬ ਲਗੁ ਮਨਿ ਬੈਕੁੰਠ ਕੀ ਆਸ ॥

ਸੋ ਬ੍ਰਹਮੁ ਬਤਾਇਓ ਗੁਰ ਮਨ ਹੀ ਮਾਹਿ ॥੧॥

ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਮੈ ਬਲਿਹਾਰੀ ਤੋਰ ॥

As mentioned above Guru Arjan Dev was talking from the perspective Sant Kabir whose views we have discussed much earlier here. We know that Sant Kabir continuing in the Ramanandi Sampradaya went further away from the mainstream ritualistic Hinduism and was journeying more towards a SEAMLESS Dharma.

Ramanandacharya’s teachings were centered on pure and personal connection with the God Rama and didn’t believe in any kind of formal ritualism. He used the common vernacular language instead of Sanskrit so that everyone could understand.

Here ਰਾਮੈ is Rama and not just lord. Kabir died chanting the name of Rama DESPITE him not finding any result of penances done in holy cities in his previous birth. Another example to show how much Kabir valued personal devotion to Rama in his own NIRGUN style.

At the time of my death, I moved to Magahar. ||2||

Where the demi-gods and the munis are unnumbered, where millions of Saraswatis, goddess of music play the vina,

My consciousness does not go out wandering. My mind has become crippled. ||1|| Pause ||

You have cut through all my confusion and doubt.

I am a sacrifice to You, O my True Guru.

Bhagat Kabir ji / Raag Gauri / / Guru Granth Sahib ji - Ang 325

I wasted my whole life in the city of Shiva;

ਕਬੀਰ ਨਿਰਗੁਣ ਨਾਮ ਨ ਰੋਸੁ ॥

I am not a Hindu, nor am I a Muslim.

ਜਹਾ ਜਾਈਐ ਤਹ ਜਲ ਪਖਾਨ ॥

I do not make pilgrimages to Mecca, nor do I worship at Hindu sacred shrines.

There, where millions of Krishnas stand with hands folded,

There is a reason why I mention ROOTED and thus NOT implying that it belongs to one of the numerous sects in Sanatana Dharma like Shaivism, Vaishnavism, Shaktism, Smartism etc…

Gauree, Kabeer Jee, Panch-Padas:

ਤਬ ਲਗੁ ਹੋਇ ਨਹੀ ਚਰਨ ਨਿਵਾਸੁ ॥੩॥

Now that my time to die has come, I have come to dwell at Magahar! ||3||

Kaashi and Magahar - I consider them the same.

ਸਾਧਸੰਗਤਿ ਬੈਕੁੰਠੈ ਆਹਿ ॥੪॥੧੦॥

If God be within the mosque, then to whom does this world belong?

He who has highest Bhakti of Deva (God), just like his Deva, so for his Guru (teacher),

ਊਹਾਂ ਤਉ ਜਾਈਐ ਜਉ ਈਹਾਂ ਨ ਹੋਇ ॥੨॥

Meeting with the Guru, my Spiritual Teacher, I realize God, my Lord and Master. ||5||3||

I serve the One Lord, and not any other. ||2||

Where millions of Vishnus bow their heads, where millions of Brahmas are reading the Vedas,

The Sant Sampraday of Sikh panth integrates the warrior spirit of the Nihangs and Khalsa, the service of Seva panth and the renunciation of Udasi/Nirmala saints.

With inadequate devotion, how can anyone swim across? ||4||

Without looking into one's heart, how can one reach paradise?

Kabir is the child of Allah and of Ram: He is my Guru, He is my Pir.

I ground up sandalwood, along with several fragrant oils.

The young and the old drink milk pudding, but these fools eat the cow's body.

ਏਕ ਦਿਵਸ ਮਨ ਭਈ ਉਮੰਗ ॥

यस्य देवे परा भक्तिः यथा देवे तथा गुरौ । तस्यैते कथिता ह्यर्थाः प्रकाशन्ते महात्मनः प्रकाशन्ते महात्मन इति ।

To him who is high-minded, these teachings will be illuminating.

ਤਜੀ ਲੇ ਬਨਾਰਸ ਮਤਿ ਭਈ ਥੋਰੀ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥

ਕਾਸੀ ਮਗਹਰ ਸਮ ਬੀਚਾਰੀ ॥

Sikhism is fundamentally rooted in BHAKTI tradition and thus ultimately in Sanatana Dharma. There is no doubt about it despite what modern McSikh acrobatics try to claim otherwise

ਮੁਆ ਕਬੀਰੁ ਰਮਤ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਰਾਮੈ ॥੫॥੧੫॥

ਪੂਜਾ ਕਰਉ ਨ ਨਿਵਾਜ ਗੁਜਾਰਉ ॥

ਰਾਮਾਨੰਦ ਸੁਆਮੀ ਰਮਤ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ॥

How can they kill the mother, whose milk they drink like that of a wet nurse?

NOW…

Says Kabeer, this is what I say:

— Kabir, II.57, Translated by Rabindranath Tagore

Here ਨਿਰਗੁਣ is Nirgun and not just lord. This is just another example to show that Kabir himself continued in the NIRGUN BHAKTI path.

Sikhism is a NIRGUN path descending from the Sant Sampraday of Ramanandacharya and traces its ideas to VEDANTA!

ਪੂਰਬ ਜਨਮ ਹਉ ਤਪ ਕਾ ਹੀਨਾ ॥੧॥

I have taken the One Formless Lord into my heart; I humbly worship Him there. ||3||

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We can see that great saints like Kabir and Ravidas etc… descended from the Ramananda sampradaya which is still the largest ascetic order in India.

ਮਰਨੁ ਭਇਆ ਮਗਹਰ ਕੀ ਬਾਸੀ ॥੩॥

Says Kabeer, the Guru and Ganaysha and Shiva all know

Guru Nanak (right) and Bhai Mardana (foreground) with Bhagat Kabir (left). This painting is found in the B-40 Janamsakhi, written and painted in 1733. The painting was made by Alam Chand Raj